What vaccine-preventable disease was eradicated in 1980?

• A. Polio
• B. Measles
• C. Rubella
• D. Smallpox

Answer: (D)

Smallpox is the vaccine-preventable disease that was eradicated in 1980. This achievement is considered one of the greatest public health successes in history. It was accomplished through a global vaccination campaign led by the World Health Organization (WHO). The vaccine for smallpox was developed in the late 18th century, and widespread vaccination efforts began in the 20th century.

By systematically vaccinating populations and implementing rigorous surveillance strategies, smallpox was completely eliminated from the human population. The last natural outbreak occurred in Somalia in 1977, and since then, there have been no cases reported under natural circumstances, leading to the formal declaration of its eradication in 1980.

The other diseases mentioned in the options, such as polio, measles, and rubella, remain prevalent in various parts of the world despite the existence of vaccines. Vaccination efforts continue for these diseases as part of ongoing public health initiatives to control and eliminate them.